Cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, drugs which specifically target the COX-2 isoenzyme, were developed as an alternative to traditional NSAIDs due to their potential for less gastrointestinal toxicity. However, as an increase in cardiovascular disease was seen with certain agents, rofecoxib was withdrawn from the worldwide market in September 2004. The other COX-2 inhibitors and traditional NSAIDs are currently under close scrutiny for the emergence of data suggesting similar effects.2 Intra-articular corticosteroid injections, following joint aspiration, are frequently used with excellent response and minimal side effects. Sepsis must be excluded prior to injection, with urgent Gram stain and culture of synovial fluid if infection is considered a possibility. The decrease in rearfoot angle (commonly referred to as a good indication of foot pronation 24 ) and internal tibial rotation (which has been shown to have a tight relationship with foot pronation 25 ) with increased orthotic intervention (arch insert height) during running demonstrates the direct link between orthotic height and foot/leg mechanics. However, without an associated significant decrease in the rate of rearfoot angle and rate of internal tibial rotation, the exposure of the lower extremity to quick angular change, which is thought to be a major contributor to injuries, may not be reduced to the extent that had been expected. Conclusions. In a high-arched foot, the toes have a tendency to draw inward, creating a condition called claw toes. According to Foot Associates of Central Texas, they are named claw toes because the toes begin to curl upward like claws. Claw toes can make it difficult to find comfortably fitting shoes. Shoes that are deeper and wider in the toe box may allow enough room for the toes to be comfortable. Callouses For most people, treatment is successful, regardless of the cause, although the cause does does play a major role in determining your prognosis. Some causes do not need treatment, while others require a surgical fix. Complications of Flat Feet Our bodies are astounding; they are the perfect arrangement of hormones, fluids, bones and muscles. Unique protection is present in our joints and at vital regions in the body where weight-bearing pressure points occur. However, when this delicate combination is interrupted by injury or certain conditions, excruciating pain can be the result. Heel spurs and plantar fasciitis are 2 conditions of the feet that can cause a person to lose mobility. The device is called an orthotic. Its usually an arch support or insole custom made to fit your feet and your needs that you wear in your shoe. Don't be fooled by new trends or gimmicks when it comes to shoe construction. Fancy additions to the outer sole of the shoe that are marketed to provide increased support usually are mostly cosmetic, if barely useful. Unless something is integrated inside the shoe to contact the arch itself, the only indicator one needs to assess a shoe's support in the sole is to test for stiffness. One can usually ignore most 'new and improved' claims. Likewise with unusual shoe shapes or constructions. Shoemakers have been engaged in their trade for centuries, and foot specialists have had a good idea how the foot functions biomechanically for sometime now.